Mixing Caffeine and Alcohol: What Are the Risks and How to Protect Yourself?

The combination of caffeine and alcohol has become more common, especially with the consumption of alcoholic energy drinks. While both substances are regularly consumed by many people, combining them can pose serious health risks. It is crucial to understand these dangers and the necessary precautions when consuming these substances together (1).

Caffeine is a stimulant that can mask the depressant effects of alcohol, creating a sense of alertness and a lower perception of intoxication. This increases the risk of excessive alcohol consumption, as individuals may continue drinking without feeling completely drunk (1). Additionally, this combination raises the likelihood of risky behaviors, such as driving under the influence of alcohol or engaging in binge drinking episodes (2).

The combined consumption of caffeine and alcohol has also been associated with a higher risk of arrhythmias, according to studies with animal models, especially when high doses of both substances are consumed (3). The health effects can be severe, particularly on the cardiovascular system. Caffeine raises blood pressure and heart rate, while alcohol acts as a depressant on the nervous system. When combined, these effects can lead to cardiovascular stress, increasing the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and other issues (2,3). Furthermore, this combination can lead to dehydration and, in extreme cases, alcohol poisoning, as the effects of alcohol are underestimated (4).

Adolescents and young adults are particularly vulnerable, as early caffeine consumption has been linked to an earlier onset of alcohol use, creating a consumption cycle that can heighten health risks (4).

Given the potential risks, it is advisable to avoid mixing caffeine and alcohol or, at the very least, to moderate the consumption of both substances. If energy drinks or other caffeinated beverages are consumed alongside alcohol, it is essential to monitor the amount ingested to avoid excessive consumption. Individuals with pre-existing heart conditions or those more prone to anxiety should be particularly cautious, as caffeine can exacerbate these symptoms (5).

The combination of caffeine and alcohol represents a dangerous practice that can increase alcohol consumption, impair judgment, and lead to serious health consequences. More research is needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of this combination on the body. However, to reduce these risks, it is essential to be aware of the effects of caffeine on alcohol consumption and to adopt preventive measures.

References:

1. Marczinski, C. A., Fillmore, M. T., Stamates, A. L., & Maloney, S. F. (2016). The desire to drink alcohol is enhanced with high caffeine energy drink mixers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 40(9), 1982–1990. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13152
2. Haun, H. L., Olsen, A. C. K., Koch, K. E., Luderman, L. N., May, C. E., & Griffin, W. C. (2021). Effect of caffeine on alcohol drinking in mice. Alcohol, 94, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.03.005
3. Griffin, W. C., May, C. E., Haun, H. L., & Myers, R. D. (2021). Alcohol and caffeine synergistically induce spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias: Ameliorated with dantrolene treatment. Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, 94, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expcard.2021.05.001
4. Hébert-Losier, K., et al. (2018). Caffeine consumption and onset of alcohol use among early adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(5), 587-594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.06.008

5.Myslínskij, V. et al. (2021). Why are caffeinated alcoholic beverages especially risky? Journal of Addiction Research, 34(2), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addres.2021.02.003